Install MEPIS

How to Boot at a Different Display Resolution

When booting from CD, the default display resolution is 1024x768. You may be required to change the resolution in order to successfully boot or you may just want to change it to your preferred resolution.

The resolution when running from CD will be used when you install MEPIS on a hard drive or when you fix your X configuration with the MEPIS Installation Center.

800x600

If your system only supports 800x600, you will need to change the resolution in order to successfully boot from CD.

In this case you can boot MEPIS at 800x600 resolution by typing the following at the CD boot screen:

linux vga=normal xres=800x600

1280x1024

If your preferred resolution is 1280x1024, you can boot by typing this at the CD boot screen:

lin1280

Higher Resolutions

For higher resolutions, you can specify the resolution at CD boot by typing, for example:

linux xres=1400x1050

Comment d??marrer un syst??me MEPIS sous une autre r??solution d'affichage

Lors du d??marrage ?? partir du CD, la r??solution d'affichage est par d??faut en 1024x768. Il se peut que vous ayez besoin de d??marrer sous une autre r??solution que celle ci ; en effet, cela peut-??tre par exemple pour r??ussir la s??quence de d??marrage en cas de probl??me de compatibilit?? mat??riel ou tout simplement pour ??tre sous votre r??solution pr??f??r??e.

La r??solution utilis??e pendant l'utilisation du CD sera celle qui sera appliqu??e lors de l'installation de MEPIS sur le disque dur ou lors de la d??finition de la configuration du serveur X dans le MEPIS Installation Center.

800x600

Si votre syst??me ne supporte que le 800x600, vous devrez modifier la r??solution pour r??ussir ?? d??marrer ?? partir du CD.

Dans ce cas, vous pouvez d??marrer MEPIS sous une r??solution de 800x600 en tapant ?? l'invite de d??marrage du CD :

linux vga=normal xres=800x600

1280x1024

Si votre r??solution pr??f??r??e est le 1280x1024, vous pouvez d??marrer sous cette r??solution en tapant ?? l'invite de d??marrage du CD:

lin1280

R??solutions plus ??lev??es

Pour d'autres r??solutions plus ??lev??es, vous pouvez sp??cifier la r??solution choisie au d??marrage du CD en tapant par exemple

linux xres=1400x1050

How to Boot with a Different Keyboard

When booting from CD, the default keyboard and locale is for US English.

There is limited support for specifying a different keyboard and locale at boot by providing a two character code, which is usually, but not always, a country code.

For example the command for a default boot with French keyboard is:

linux fr

The following keyboard codes are explicitly supported.

country-languagecodekeyboardlocale
Belgium
be
be-latin1default
Finland-Finnish
fi
fi-latin1fi_FI@euro
France-French
fr
frfr_FR@euro
Germany-German
de
dede_DE@euro
Hungary-Hungarian
hu
huhu_HU
Italy-Italian
it
itit_IT@euro
Netherlands-Dutch
nl
nlnl_NL@euro
Norway-Norwegian
no
nono_NO
Spain-Spanish
es
eses_ES@euro
Turkey-Turkish
tr
trftr_TR
United Kingdom-English
uk
uken_GB
United States-English
us
usen_US

How to Burn a CD from ISO

An iso is burned in a special way. The iso file is literally a CD image, not a regular file. [b]Common CD Burning Options[/b] Iso images should be burned in Disk at Once mode (DAO). MEPIS CDs expect that you are using 700MB CD media, not 650MB media. [b]Easy CD Creator[/b] If you are using Roxio Easy CD Creator, you need to select to [code]Record CD from CD Image[/code] and then select the iso file to burn. It may be necessary to select [code]ISO Image Files (.iso)[/code] in the file type combo box. If you are using an older version of Adaptec EZ CD Creator, you may need to change the iso file extention from iso to cdi or cfi. [b]Nero Burning ROM[/b] Select the [code]Burn Image[/code] feature before selecting the iso file. If you are using an older version of Nero, you may have to change the extention from iso to nrg. [b]MS-Windows[/b] CD burning software from Microsoft can't burn CD images from iso files. [b]Other[/b] If you are using some other CD burning software, check the manual for instructions regarding the burning of iso disk images. [b]Confirm Burn as ISO[/b] If you want to confirm that a CD was burned as an iso image, mount the CD in Windows or Linux and look at the contents. If you see only one file with the same name as the iso file, sorry you did not burn an image. If you see regular files and directories, then the CD was burned as an iso image.

How to Resize an XP Partition

QTPartEd is a utility on the Live-CD that can be used to resize MS-Windows partitions including XP NTFS partitons.

It has a user interface similar to Partition Magic and it can be called directly from the MEPIS Installation Center or it can be launched at KMenu > System > QTParted.

Before resizing a MS-Windows partition, it's important to defragment the partition in MS-Windows. Sometimes QTPartEd will only be able to partially resize an XP partition. This is due to XP doing an incomplete job of defragging the partition.

How to Use Boot Arguments to Fix Problems

Boot Commands

A boot command can be given when the CD help screen appears or when the Lilo boot screen appears.

If booting from Lilo on a hard drive, press <tab> to get a commandline.

Variations of these commands can be used to overcome boot problems.

CommandDescription
linux Normal boot, 1024x768 display, acpi=on
lin1280 Normal boot, 1280x1024 display, acpi=on
failsafe 1024x768 display, acpi=off; try if boot hangs initializing hardware
memtest test your computer's memory

Common MEPIS Boot Arguments

Boot arguments are used to modify what happens when a boot command is executed.  

To change your hard drive boot configuration see: How to Modify Boot Arguments for the LiLo Bootloader

ArgumentDescription
acpi=off disable legacy free bios support; can help if machine hangs during boot
ide=nodma resolves some dma conflicts; can fix disk read problems; is needed if boot stops while "looking for MEPIS Linux"
aa use a different keyboard layout; for example de, fr, or us
noauto disables autodetect; use if autodetect hangs
nofloppy disables floppy probe; use if no floppy drive
nomce disable cpu self-checks
nonet forces the network to be off at boot, including loopback
nopcmcia disables pcmcia initialization
nousb don't probe for usb devices
smouse enable a serial mouse
vga=xxx use xxx vga mode during boot; for example mode 794 = 1280x1024; vga=normal for default resolution
xres=yyy use yyy resolution in X; for example 1280x1024
xdrvr=abc use abc display driver in X; try vesa or fbdev as last resort

Examples

A boot command is followed by the arguments.

ExampleDescription
linux nofloppy boot normal but don't look for a floppy drive
lin1280 fr boot at 1280x1024 with the fr (French) keyboard
linux xdrvr=fbdev boot with the simplest video driver possible
linux xres=800x600 vga=normal boot normal but at 800x600

Howto Rescue Data From an Unbootable Windows PC.

The aim of this document is to show you how to rescue data from a hard drive that will not boot up. This method can be used after trying the ???official Microsoft solutions??? of using the ERD etc.

If rescuing the data is the main objective, I'd use this before fooling around with the PC any more.

If a hard drive is having problems, you want to get access to it and get what you can from it before it refuses to spin up. So on with the Rescue.

You need the following:

  1. Mepis CD.
  2. External USB hard drive ( with a fat32 partition as this will avoid any problems with ntfs issues ) and the USB cable.
  3. Patience. The OS is run from the CD, uncompressing software modules as needed.

Attach the USB HD to the PC. Turn on the USB HD.

Boot with the Mepis CD. You may have to go into the BIOS and change the settings to allow booting from the CD-ROM drive. If rescuing a laptop, make sure you are using the power supply and not the battery.

Read the info on the screen. Hit enter.

Login as root. The password is root. Username and passwords are case sensitive.

Left Click (once only) on the Mount Partitions icon. (Unlike Windows, you only need to click once)

Look for /dev/hda1 ntfs. (This is your hard drive. C:, if you were trying to rescue a Win 9x PC instead of ntfs it would read fat or fat32. )

Right Click, scroll down to Mount Device and Left Click.

Right Click and scroll down to Open in File Manager and Left Click. Wait a few seconds, a window will popup with the contents of /dev/hda1 ntfs. If you have multiple partitions, scroll down till you find the right one. Another way is to open each one in File manager.

I've found it helpful to change the view at this point to the Detailed List View. Next drill down to the User folder under Documents and Settings.

Move the window to the Left side of the screen.

Next you will mount the USB HD. Look for /dev/sda1. Depending on how many partitions you have on this HD, you may also find /dev/sda2 etc. (I've found having a fat32 partition makes things a lot simpler.)

Mount /dev/sda1 and open in file manager. Right Click in that window and Create New Directory. I prefer to name it username-todays date (tmarx-213004 for example).

Resize both windows so they are side by side (/dev/hda1 on the left and /dev/sda1 on the right)

Left Click and drag the files/folder you want to copy and drag it to the /dev/sda1 window and click on Copy Here. Thats how simple it is. I've found it helps to start by copying the most important stuff first (.doc, .xls, .pdf, .pst, .ppt, .mdb files). You can ask the customer for that info. I copy no more than 128mb at a time, if you try to copy more than ?? the amount of RAM in the PC, the process tends to stall.

Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted world wide without royalty provided this notice is preserved.

*Formatting edited by Warren*

Installation Tips

Passwords
The root password is 'root' and the demo password is 'demo.'

Obviously, these passwords are public knowledge. When you install MEPIS on a hard drive, it is very important that you select new passwords, as soon as possible!

Installation
Start the MEPIS installer by clicking on its desktop icon and then follow the instructions provided.

You will need at least 2.5 GB of free space on the hard drive.

The installation usually takes between 15 and 45 minutes, depending on whether you are doing a fresh install or an upgrade. The speed is also affected by the performance of your system.

Troubleshooting CD Read Errors

The Live-CD is the install CD. Sometimes this same problem shows up when running a regular install CD from any Linux distro. If you get error messages when using a burned CD, there are a few possible causes: 1. If you burned a CD using a different CD drive, the drives may be out of alignment with each other. This can cause read errors. Or a particular CD could have a poorly burned spot, especially if it was burned on an inexpensive computer running MS-Windows. Also if the CD media is inexpensive it may not reflect the laser beam very well. Lesser quality CD media appears more transparent when you try to look through it. This can also make a burned CD difficult to read, especially with older drives. Often burning a new CD at a lower speed will improve the quality of the burn and can reduce alignment problems as well. Mitsui and Taiyo Yuden are the best brands of CDs. Both are of archival quality. In bulk, Taiyo Yuden can be found at bargain prices. FYI, T-D invented CD recording technology. If you don't have any problems reading CDs burned for other pruposes, then this is probably not the problem. 2. A CD can become dirty or scratched even if it was freshly burned. In this case inspection of the bottom surface of the CD should reveal any such problem. 3. Any Linux Live-CD or installation CD uses a ramdisk to simulate a hard drive. This makes heavy use of ALL of the RAM in the system. This will most likely show up during the boot of the Live-CD, it is unlikely to be the problem if read error occur during the installation process. If you have a flaky RAM chip or aggressive timing of the RAM subsystem on your motherboard, you may have trouble booting a Linux CD. And it's very possible that the trouble might be reported as disk read errors, although it would really be RAM buffer errors. Obviously a flaky RAM chip would need to be replaced. RAM timing might be adjustable in the system BIOS to reduce or eliminate a RAM problem. 4. There can be other timimg issues in a computer that do not show up when running MS-Windows but that do show up when running Linux. When a system is behaving in an erratic manner, it's a good idea to turn off any performance enhancements in the BIOS, and try Linux again. Or one could try to reboot Linux with hard drive dma turned off using the 'ide=nodma' option.